HOFER, ANDREAS°

HOFER, ANDREAS°
HOFER, ANDREAS° (1767–1810), leader of the Tyrolean-Vorarlberg insurrection in 1809 against the Bavarian rule established by Napoleon. Hofer's insurrection and subsequent execution (glorified in a popular song) were an important part of the arsenal of German ultranationalism in Austria, whose protagonists carefully overlooked the considerable Jewish involvement in the revolt. Viennese Jewish bankers, particularly the arnstein and Eskeles firm, financed the revolt by circulating the Tiroler Aufstandwechsel (promissory notes), and the British government's subsidies to the insurrectionists were paid through these banks. One of the leading propagators of the uprising was Fanny von Arnstein, whose salon in Vienna was the headquarters of Hofer's co-insurrectionist, the Catholic priest Speckbacher; there he met the Prussian prime minister karl august von hardenberg and also jacob salomon bartholdy , who joined the revolt, was wounded in the fighting, and later wrote its history (Der Krieg der Tyroler Landsleute im Jahre 1809, 1814). However the insurgents also attacked the Jews; they plundered five Jewish families in Innsbruck in 1809, and though the hohenems community had donated a large sum of money to them, ever larger sums were extorted on the threat of a repetition of the Innsbruck action. When Hofer was brought before the French military court, the Mantua lawyer Joachim Bassevi (1777–1868), later the dean of Milan lawyers, was appointed counsel for the defense. In spite of his efforts, Hofer was executed. -BIBLIOGRAPHY: A. Taenzer, Geschichte der Juden in Tirol und Vorarlberg (1905), 176; D. Sedan, Ha-Namer vi-Ydido ha-Menamnem   (1951), 114–9; H. Spiel, Fanny von Arnstein (1962), index. ADD. BIBLIOGRAPHY: H.G. Sella, Die Juden Tirols: ihr Leben und Schicksal (1979). (Meir Lamed)

Encyclopedia Judaica. 1971.

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  • Hofer, Andreas — • A patriot and soldier, born at St. Leonhard in Passeyrthale, Tyrol, 22 Nov., 1767; executed at Mantua, 20 Feb., 1810 Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006 …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • Hofer, Andreas — ▪ Tirolean leader born Nov. 22, 1767, near Sankt Leonhard, South Tirol, Austrian Empire [now San Leonardo, Italy] died Feb. 20, 1810, Mantua, Kingdom of Italy  Tirolese patriot, military leader, and popular hero who fought Napoleonic France and… …   Universalium

  • Hofer, Andreas — (1767–1810)    The leader of a Tyrolean uprising against Bavarian rule imposed by Napoleon in the treaties of Pressburg (Bratislava) and Schönbrunn (1805, 1809), he was an innkeeper in his native South Tyrol. In 1790, he became a delegate to the… …   Historical dictionary of Austria

  • HOFER, ANDREAS —    Tyrolese patriot; was leader of the Tyrolese against the Bavarians and the French, and the emancipator thrice over of his country, but was eventually betrayed by his enemies into the hands of the French, condemned by court martial at Mantua,… …   The Nuttall Encyclopaedia

  • Andreas Hofer (Künstler) — Andreas Hofer (* 1963 in München) ist ein deutscher Künstler. Er signiert seine Arbeiten zumeist mit Andy Hope 1930 und verdichtet seine Ausstellungen zu komplexen Installationen, die den Blick in eine vergessene Zeit, unbekannte Epoche oder noch …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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  • Andreas Hofer — (22 novembre 1767 20 février 1810) était un patriote tyrolien. Aubergiste de profession, il fut l instigateur de la rébellion des montagnards tyroliens contre l impérialisme bonapartiste et marqua le nationalisme pantyrolien. Andreas Hofer naquit …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Andreas Hofer —     Andreas Hofer     † Catholic Encyclopedia ► Andreas Hofer     A patriot and soldier, born at St. Leonhard in Passeyrthale, Tyrol, 22 Nov., 1767; executed at Mantua, 20 Feb., 1810. His father was known as the Sandwirth (i. e., landlord of the… …   Catholic encyclopedia

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